真空炉根据不同使用温度,可选择不同的材质的加热元件及保温隔热层,常用的加热元件材质有耐热钢(Cr20Ni80),高纯石墨,钼及合金等,各材质使用的温度范围如下,除上述材质的选择外,还需通过对长期使用条件下的能耗,稳定性等方面综合考虑。
工作温度 Operation Temperature | 加热元件选择 Heating Element Selection | 隔热层选择Insulation Layer Selection |
800℃及以下 800℃ and below | 高温镍铬合金 High temperature nickel-chromium alloy | 不锈钢Stainless steel |
800℃-950℃ | 高温镍铬合金(Cr20Ni80) High temperature nickel-chromium alloy | 耐热钢+不锈钢 Heat resistant steel + stainless steel |
耐热钢+石墨毡 Heat resistant steel + graphite felt | ||
950℃-1100℃ | 金属钼或耐热钢 Molybdenum metal or heat resistant steel | 金属钼+不锈钢 Molybdenum metal + stainless steel |
金属钼+石墨毡 Molybdenum metal + graphite felt | ||
1100℃-1300℃ | 钼镧合金 Molybdenum-lanthanum alloy | 钼镧合金+不锈钢 Molybdenum-lanthanum alloy+ stainless steel |
高纯石墨 High purity graphite | 石墨软毡+石墨硬毡 Graphite soft felt + Graphite hard felt | |
1300℃-1600℃ | 钼镧合金Molybdenum-lanthanum alloy | 钼镧合金+不锈钢 Molybdenum-lanthanum alloy + stainless steel |
等静压石墨 Isostatic pressed graphite | 石墨软毡+石墨硬毡 Graphite soft felt + Graphite hard felt | |
钨合金Tungsten alloy | 钨合金+钼镧合金+不锈钢 Tungsten alloy + Molybdenum-lanthanum alloy +stainless steel | |
1600℃-2100℃ | 等静压石墨Isostatic pressed graphite | 石墨软毡+石墨硬毡Graphite soft felt + Graphite hard felt |
钽Tantalum | 钽+钼镧合金+不锈钢Tantalum+Molybdenum-lanthanum alloy+Stainless steel |